Guidelines For Abnormal Pap Smears

A pap test is a test that screens for cervical cell changes. It is recommended for sexually active women and/or women over 18 years of age. Some women (women under 30 and those who are high risk) have annual pap smears, while others have pap smears every three years. Pap tests are done during a pelvic exam, in which a speculum is inserted into the vagina to open the vagina. The doctor then takes a scraping of cells from the cervix which he looks at under a microscope to detect abnormalities.

Pap Tests Results

The majority of labs in the United States use a uniform system called the Bethesda System to evaluate the results of pap tests. The results are placed in several different groups, each with a different protocol. The first group is "normal" which indicates that no cell changes are observed. Women with normal pap test results do not need any additional care or treatment. Other possible classifications include atypical squamous cells (ASC or ASC-US), low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), atypicl glandular cells or cancer.

Atypical Squamous Cells (ASC)

A result of ASC means that some cells are slightly abnormal, but are not considered pre-cancerous. There may be many reasons for abnormal cells, including an infection or intercourse or simple irritation; however, this result may also indicate precancerous changes. There are several different options available to doctors when a pap test comes back with this result. Some doctors simply repeat the Pap test in four to six months. Other doctors will administer an HPV test, and if certain high risk forms of HPV are found, will recommend a procedure called a colposcopy. A colposcopy involves inserting a coloscope into the cervix so the doctor can see inside the cervix and look for abnormalities.

SIL (Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion)

SIL falls into two categories--low grade LSIL and high grade HSIL. LSIL means that early, mild precancerous changes were observed in the cells. HSIL means moderate or severe precancerous changes were observed. Low grade SILS may clear up on their own without treatment, while high grade SILS require treatment. A colposcopy should be done so the doctor can determine the extent of the cell changes. If LSIL is the result, the woman may be watched for a period and told to have regular pap smears to see if the LSIL clears up on its own. In cases of HSIL, cryosurgery or laser surgery may be used to destroy the abnormal cells. Fertility is usually unaffected by these treatments, which either freeze (cyrosurgery) or burn (laser surgery) the abnormal cells.

Atypical Glandular Cells

Atypical glandular cells usually suggest that an invasive squamous cell cancer is present; however further testing must be done to determine this. A colposcopy may be recommended, or a cervical biopsy may be performed to remove and evaluate the abnormal cells.

Cancer

The final classification is cancer. This result occurs when cancer has actually developed in the cervix. If this is the result of an abnormal pap smear, you will need to be referred to an oncologist to formulate a treatment plan for cervical cancer.

Tags: abnormal cells, cell changes, high grade, precancerous changes, this result, changes were, changes were observed

Create A Trucking Safety Policy

The highways are more crowded than ever today. Heavy truck and tractor-trailer drivers spend significant amounts of time hauling freight over the nation's roadways. As a result, their exposure to vehicle accidents is substantially higher than for the majority of drivers. It is incumbent upon your company to establish a comprehensive truck driver safety program to minimize the risks to your company and drivers.

Instructions

Program Development

1. There are several websites which offer a wealth of information regarding heavy truck and tractor-trailer safety. Local, state, and federal laws govern all of the rules of the road. When you develop a truck safety section for your overall safety program, consult the Department of Transportation's Federal Motor Carrier Safety Program. It covers rules and regulations, guides for program topics, and all of the issues relevant to the trucking industry.

2. Perform background checks on all prospective drivers. Even if your drivers are residents of several states, contact each driver's Department of Motor Vehicles and request a report of their driving record. It doesn't matter if they have violations when "off the clock." One's personal driving record is an indication of their overall driving habits and a driver with a poor record is a greater risk to your company. These records will affect your insurance, as well.

3. Train your employees. They need to be very aware of the rules of the road, defensive driving techniques, and the way their trucks handle under all driving conditions. Drivers need to be able to demonstrate proficiency in all of these areas. Much of their knowledge, skills, and abilities comes from experience. However, regular recurring classroom training as a refresher will keep them up to date in all categories.

4. Create a documented driver's checklist that is relevant to the company's operations. Include on the driver's checklist all of the pre-departure safety requirements they're to perform. It should include a general sign-off that the equipment inspection has been completed. It should also have an acknowledgment that all paperwork is in order, including the driver's log and manifest. Make drivers accountable for their work by requiring a signature on the driver's checklist, which is turned into the company's Safety Manager daily.

5. Create a documented truck checklist. Your equipment checklist should be a comprehensive list of safety inspections of the vehicle. Be certain to include checks of all fluid levels, electrical system, lighting, horn, braking system, tires and all other systems that are critical to the safe operation of the truck.

Tags: driver checklist, your company, Create documented, driving record, rules road, safety program

Filing For Disability Benefits Online

Social Security Disability Insurance online application makes it more convenient to file disability claims.

You can file a Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) application online. Do this as soon as you become disabled. To be eligible for SSDI benefits, you must be unable to work due to a medical condition and must have paid Social Security taxes for a certain period of time. The medical condition must be expected to last at least a year or possibly result in death. The Social Security Administration provides detailed information on eligibility requirements for SSDI benefits.

Instructions

Apply for Disability Benefits Online

1. Fill out the application on the Social Security website (secure.ssa.gov). The application will request personal identification information such as name, Social Security number, date of birth, etc. Other sections require contact and citizenship information, and information about family, employment, earnings and military service.

If you are unable to complete the application or need to gather additional information, click the "Sign off (finish this later)" button near the bottom of the web page to save your information. Then you will receive an application number. Save the application number. You'll need it to access the application again and to check the status of the application after it is completed.

2. Verify that the information in the application is truthful by clicking the appropriate box. If the information in the application is false or misleading, you may be held legally liable. If you are uncertain about any of the information, contact the appropriate person or organization to verify whether or not the information you have is correct.

3. Sign the application by clicking the "Sign Now" button. You may have to submit certain documents to receive benefits. The list of documents needed and information regarding where they should be sent will be provided at the end of the application.

4. Fill out the online Adult Disability Report. You'll have to give additional details on the status of your medical condition and the treatment you're receiving. You must submit medical release forms (SSA-827) so that Social Security administrators can verify your medical condition.

Tags: Social Security, medical condition, your medical condition, application number, Benefits Online

Tooth Brushing Instructions For Babies

Your baby's primary teeth, or the "baby teeth," are as important as permanent adult teeth. Your baby will begin to teethe when his immune system development and growth occurs. At this time, you will notice babies will put anything they can get their hands on into their mouths. Be sure you have chilled, clean teething rings and children's Tylenol on hand.

Before Teething

Before your baby sprouts her first tooth, begin wiping the gums gently with a soft wet washcloth or gauze while you're bathing her. Since it can be difficult to tell when the teeth will start to push through, get into the habit of wiping bacteria from the mouth. Additionally, this will get your baby used to the routine of having her mouth cleaned, which will make the transition to teeth brushing easier when the time comes.

Teething

Your baby's teeth should begin to come in between 6 to 12 months. Purchase a toothbrush with a small head and large grip for your hand. Brush your baby's teeth gently on the outside and inside surfaces twice a day. Try to swipe his tongue as well. You could also opt to wipe the teeth with a wet cotton swab. Use a baby tooth cleanser or a small amount of baby fluoride toothpaste.

Begin using children's toothpaste when your baby is 3. Choose a safe children's toothpaste, such as Baby Orajel, to ensure the harsh flavors of regular toothpaste do not cause your child to dislike teeth brushing. Put a pea-size amount on the baby's toothbrush.

Treat teeth brushing like it's a game. Encourage your baby to brush the teeth of a doll before you brush your baby's teeth. Remain enthusiastic about it, and your baby will as well.

Dentist

The American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) recommends bringing your baby to the dentist between 6 and 12 months of age.

Baby Tooth Decay

Your baby is susceptible to tooth decay as soon as the teeth come through. Referred to commonly as baby bottle tooth decay, early childhood caries (ECC) is an aggressive oral disease that affects the upper front teeth and can spread to the molars. To prevent ECC, begin wiping your baby's mouth and brushing as directed. Make sure your baby has seen the dentist by her first birthday.

Once your baby's diet includes anything other than breast milk, the baby's teeth are at risk for decay. The AAPD reports that ECC is most widespread among low socioeconomic groups. If left untreated, ECC can affect speech, nutrition and quality of life for your child well into adulthood. Those affected by ECC may require restorative treatment through surgery using general anesthesia, which can cost up to $2,000.

Tags: your baby, baby teeth, your baby, Your baby, teeth brushing, amount baby

Navy Health Insurance

With private health insurance becoming ever more expensive, one of the main selling points for US Navy recruiters is the military health plan: TRICARE. TRICARE is an HMO-style health benefit program that offers very generous terms to US Navy sailors and officers, as well as their dependents.

Identification

TRICARE is the health benefits plan for all members of the US military. Therefore, the benefits available to members of the US Navy are effectively identical to those of equivalent eligibility in the Army, Marines, Air Force, and even the Coast Guard.

Eligibility

The following people are eligible for TRICARE through the US Navy: active duty servicemen; activated reservists; spouses and unmarried children of active duty servicemen; Navy retirees, their spouses and their unmarried children; spouses and unmarried children of reservists who activated for duty for more than 30 consecutive days or of reservists who die on active duty; spouse and unmarried children of those Navy servicemen who die while on active duty; Medal of Honor winners and their family members; children placed in the custody of an active Navy serviceman.

Three Levels of Coverage

There are three levels of TRICARE coverage. Standard coverage is a fee-for-service coverage that is meant for consideration by retirees and dependents, as it is not even available to active duty Naval personnel. Extra coverage is similar, but access is harder to get. Generally, prime coverage is used by active duty servicemen. For example, in an authorized civilian outpatient visit under TRICARE (i.e. one to a health service provider that is not a part of TRICARE's military network), the claimant is liable for 20 percent of the costs under Standard; 15 percent under Extra; and none of the costs under Prime. Deductibles are the same for Standard and Extra, and there are none for Prime.

Dental

TRICARE Dental is a voluntary program that offers current and former Navy personnel dental benefits. Under the terms of the program, TRICARE provides 100 percent coverage for diagnostic, emergency, and preventive dental services, except sealants. Sealants are covered at the 80 percent level with a 20 percent cost share paid by the beneficiary. The following services are provided with a member cost share: fillings, root canals, crowns, extractions, orthodontics and periodontics. The maximum annual benefit for routine dental care is $1,200; maximum lifetime orthodontic benefits are limited to $1,500.

Pharmacy

The Navy's TRICARE benefits are very generous in terms of purchasing drugs. Required and authorized drugs picked up at a military pharmacy are free. Those acquired at a retail pharmacy are covered under flat fees: $3 for generics, $9 for formula brand name drugs, and $22 for non-formula drugs.

Tags: active duty, unmarried children, active duty servicemen, duty servicemen, cost share, costs under

The Average Cost Of A Brazilian Butt Lift

The average cost of a Brazilian butt lift varies based on the length of the procedure and should not be mistaken for a butt implant, which varies in its procedure and the cost. This type of plastic surgery is becoming increasingly popular in America.

Brazilian Butt Lift Overview

Dr. Anthony Griffin, a prominent plastic surgeon in Beverly Hills, California, is considered one of the pioneers of the Brazilian butt lift (fat injections). Dr. Griffin is the director of the Beverly Hills Cosmetic Surgery Institute and is most widely recognized for his role as one of the plastic surgeons on the hit TV show "Extreme Makeover." He is also a member of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons and a diplomate of the American Board of Plastic Surgery. The procedure that Dr. Griffin pioneered should not be mistaken for butt implants (gluteal augmentation), which consist of the physician slicing open the butt cheek and inserting a silicone implant similar to breast implants.

Costs

While butt implants are cheaper, costing from $6,000-$13,000, recovery is much more painful and takes much longer than recovery from a Brazilian butt lift. Dr. Griffin charges $15,000-$20,000 for his butt lift procedure, but the average butt lift costs between $7,500 and $15,000.

Procedure

During the Brazilian butt lift, fat is extracted from the abs, hips and thighs and transplanted into the butt. The patient is given general anesthesia and after fat extraction the fat is then injected between the butt muscles. The upper quadrant of the buttocks is filled so that the butt appears lifted and perky. Human fat contains collagen and stem cells that help the butt retain its shape. The cost of the procedure is determined by how much fat is extracted/injected and the length of the surgery.

Prevalence

Dr. Griffin told the "St. Petersburg Times" in a February 2009 article, "I see more disasters in the buttocks than in any other part of the body." For this reason the doctor will only perform the procedure on women that have enough extra fat on their bodies to be removed and injected into their buttocks. The number of "butt lifts" has increased 283 percent nationwide between 2000 and 2005. (From 1,356 to 5,193 reported procedures).

Downsides

Dr. Richard Ehrlichman, a consultant in plastic surgery at Massachusetts General Hospital, said the downside to the surgery is that during the first year after the procedure, in 10 to 30 percent of cases, the transplanted fat tissue can get reabsorbed by the body instead of staying where it was put, which may require the patient to have the procedure repeated. Dr. Griffin says his butt lifts last, on average, 10 years before a repeat procedure is necessary.

Tags: butt lift, butt lift, Beverly Hills, Brazilian butt, Brazilian butt lift

How Many Carbs Are In Avocados

An avocado, which is a green, mushy fruit from the avocado tree, contains approximately 15 total carbohydrates (carbs) and approximately 5 "net" carbs. According to the California Avocado Commission, a site recommended by the United States Department of Agriculture, avocados are also high in healthy, unsaturated fats and other nutrients, and they benefit eyesight, cholesterol levels, growth, the nervous system, the heart and the brain. When smashed into a pulp and flavored, this fruit becomes guacamole, a dip usually accompanied by corn chips. The avocado is also popular in egg dishes, sandwiches, sushi and Mexican dishes.

The Atkins Diet

According to Dr. Atkins' New Diet Revolution, by Robert C. Atkins, one avocado contains 14.9 total carbs but only 4.8 net carbs ("digestible carbs" that will impact blood sugar and hence affect weight loss).

The South Beach Diet Plan

You are allowed to eat avocados during all phases of the South Beach diet plan, which is another low-carb diet. According to SouthBeach-Diet-Plan.com, 1/3 of an avocado is equal to 1 tbsp. of oil.

Carb Counters

Nutrientfacts.com confirms that one avocado has 15 total carbs and 10 grams of dietary fiber, resulting in 5 net carbs. Carb-Counter.org partly agrees, citing 14.95 total carbs, but slightly disagrees regarding an avocado's ultimate blood-sugar impact, recording only 3.19 net carbs or effective carbohydrate count (ECC).

Note

Since avocados vary in size, the exact number of carbs is only a close approximation. If you eat a particularly large avocado, you may want to add half a carb to your count.

Bottom Line

In moderation, the avocado is a tasty and beneficial part of any low-carb diet.

Tags: total carbs, Atkins Diet, carbs only, low-carb diet, only carbs, South Beach

Stop Waking Up Before Your Alarm

Establishing a regular schedule can contribute to a good night's sleep.

Insomnia and sleep disorders are common, and linked to stress, medical conditions, lifestyle, and changes in habits or routine. Lack of sleep can contribute to serious health concerns, including weight gain. Whether you have temporary sleep disorder, such as jet lag, or a permanent problem with sleeping, there are ways to combat sleep disorders and to restore a complete and restful night's sleep.

Instructions

1. Establish a regular schedule, allowing one hour before bedtime to wind down without work or other stimulating activity. Do not force yourself to go to sleep, but try to relax yourself into a calm sleep instead. Adjust the room environment to a comfortable temperature. Dim lighting, and turn off any sounds. Close blinds and doors to avoid distractions. Plan enough time at night, before your alarm in the morning, to rest a full six to eight hours but do not sleep too much.

2. Work out during the day, or get at least 20 minutes of physical activity at least 4 hours before your bedtime. Avoid caffeine in the evening. Do not smoke or use stimulating substances, such as alcohol, close to bedtime. Eat a full meal and never go to sleep hungry.

3. Address mental concerns and other forms of stress. Resolve conflicts, work or tasks at least one hour before bedtime. Make to-do lists or keep a journal to record worries that cannot be resolved before sleeping. Clear your mind as you relax before bed and while falling asleep.

4. Change your bad bedtime habits. Eliminate TV watching from your bedroom routine, and remove the television from the room if possible. Set your alarm clock for the same time every day, including weekends. Never oversleep and avoid taking long naps during the day.

Tags: before bedtime, hour before, hour before bedtime, night sleep, regular schedule, sleep disorders, your alarm

What Food Is Silicon Found In

Silicon is an essential element your body needs to maintain a healthy state. Besides silicon-based ointments that your skin can absorb to give you the beneficial effects, there are a number of foods you most likely eat on a daily basis that are packed with silicon.

Benefits of Silicon

Silicon is actually the second most abundant element found on earth. It is not found in a natural form as a mineral but in a combination of silicate and oxide.

The main functions of silicon for the body are to keep bones and joints healthy. Silicon can help keep your bones stronger and less brittle for longer periods of time, preventing osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. It is also good for growth of hair and nails, and keeping your teeth strong and pearly white.

Sources of Silicon

Plants more than any other food product have the highest amount of silicon in them naturally. Plants and animals that dwell in water naturally absorb silicon in order to build and regenerate cell walls. Because plants like spinach leaves do not have to be refined or processed like meat and grains, they keep their high amounts of silicon and water.

Drinking water varies in its silicon content based on whether the water is hard or soft. High silicon content is found in hard water and low silicon content is found in soft water.

Whole Grains

Another food resource for high amounts of silicon is whole grains. They are made up of fibers and particles that are easily digested and absorbed by the body. Cereals both hot and cold are great sources of whole grains. Raw oats and oatmeal bars are other products filled with silicon based on their grain content. Oats, barley and rice have high silicon content and are able to maintain the amount of silicon they hold when cooked.

Fruits and Vegetables

Fruits are another natural source of silicon. Of course, they have other nutritional values, but their silicon levels have always remained high. The three main fruits are apples, oranges and cherries. Raisins or grapes are rich in silicon as well as antioxidants. The green vegetables such as celery, cucumber and raw cabbage have medium silicon levels. Pumpkin, carrots, beets and eggplant are a few other vegetables that produce silicon in varied amounts.

Nuts

Nuts have always been a great natural source for many vitamins and minerals the body needs. They have good fats that help the body break down other fats, and the minerals in nuts help keep your bones strong. Peanuts and almonds are two nuts with high silicon content, and sunflower and pumpkin seeds do as well.

Tags: silicon content, amount silicon, amounts silicon, body needs, content found

Trench Safety Training

Trenching comes with many safety hazards that construction workers must be wary of. The U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) suggests that trench workers attend safety training to learn about potential dangers, identify hazards and ways to perform their trenching duties safely.

Benefits

Workers who have the skills, knowledge and competency to work in trenches are well equipped with the information and tools necessary to remain safe. Trench safety training reduces the risk of injurious accidents and fatalities by teaching workers be prepared for trenching mishaps.

Features

OSHA identifies protective systems, access and egress, and spoil pile placement as the significant safety topics that training sessions for trench workers should cover. For example, when training employees about access and egress systems, employers must make it clear that ladders and other means of egress must be used for all trenches that are over four feet deep.

Function

The employer, a project manager or construction engineer can facilitate safety training. A professional with a strong background and knowledge of trenches is most suitable to train others. Providing a fact sheet will help trainees retain information and remember what the rules and standards are for trenches.

Tags: access egress, safety training, trench workers

Why Do You Yawn When Someone Else Yawns

You've probably experienced this phenomenon before. Your friend yawns and you suddenly find yourself doing the same. It's called "contagious yawning" and you're not alone. According to the authors of one yawning study published by the Royal Society, 42 to 55 percent of adults yawn during or shortly after viewing another person's yawn.

The Potential Cause

While the biological reasons for spontaneous yawning are still vague, current research by Atsushi Senju and others suggests that "contagious yawning"---yawning stimulated by viewing another person yawn---may be a phenomenon reliant on the brain's capacity to exhibit empathy.

Empathy in the Brain

A study at Drexel University in 2005 using fMRI scans found that the self-processing area of a participants' brain lit up when viewing someone yawn. Activity in this area, according to the researchers, suggests an empathetic reason for the response.

Children Under 4

The empathy theory is also supported by studies involving children under 4 who appear to be much less susceptible to contagious yawning than adults. This suggests that social development, specifically the brain's capacity to exhibit empathy, could play a key role in contagious yawning.

In Older Children With Autism

The same conclusion is supported in studies in older children with autism spectrum disorder who rarely exhibit the contagious yawning phenomenon. Autism spectrum disorder affects the children's ability to properly socialize, partly due to an inability to put themselves in "someone else's shoes." Given their findings in this study, published in Biology Letters, researchers believe the lack of contagious yawning by those with an inhibited ability to empathize pinpoints empathy as a key component into understanding why we yawn when others do.

In Chimpanzees

Finally, not all animals display signs of contagious yawning, but the neighboring species of humans, chimpanzees, appear to exhibit this behavior as well. Researchers in Japan took a group of chimpanzees and showed them videos of other chimps yawning. Two out of the six females yawned more when exposed to this video and none yawned less. And displaying no susceptibility to contagious yawning much like their human counterparts, the infant chimps did not yawn at all.

Tags: contagious yawning, another person, brain capacity, brain capacity exhibit, capacity exhibit, capacity exhibit empathy

Acne Infrared Light Therapy

Boasting all the benefits of natural sunlight without harmful UV rays, infrared light is electromagnetic radiation. Infrared light can be short, medium or long. Its wavelength is longer than visible light, shorter than radio waves, and has been used successfully to cure severe acne.

The Facts

All radiation which we normally think of as heat is transmitted by infrared rays. These can be from the sun, a fire or a light bulb. This light can penetrate the human body up to two to three centimeters; however, you can't see it with the naked eye.

Sunlight consists of the entire electromagnetic spectrum. Its energy moves in a wave pattern. Some wavelengths are visible and some are invisible. Visible light is the wavelength range of 400 to 700 nanometers (nm) in the electromagnetic spectrum. Visible light falls in the color range of violet, blue, green, yellow, orange and red. Infrared light begins just beyond red.

Light therapy, or photo rejuvenation, refers to all treatments and devices which use wavelengths of light.

Some light therapies for acne combine blue and red light. Others focus on only blue light. Narrow band blue light therapy has been approved by the FDA for acne treatment. Some light therapy systems combine infrared and visible light wavelengths, such as Deep Penetrating Light Therapy.

Proponents say that infrared light therapy promotes cell renewal and healing from the inside out by stimulating the body's natural processes, thus making it a good treatment for wrinkles, acne, wounds and pain management.

Effects

Infrared light activates ATP (adenosine triphosphate) in the skin cells. ATP is the main energy source for cellular function. This sets in motion the body's natural processes to kill the bacteria that cause acne and to restore the skin through cell renewal.

Using a 1450-nm diode laser treatment on 19 patients, scientists reported that acne lesions were decreased by 37 percent after one treatment, according to Jeffrey S. Dover, MD, FRCPC. After two treatments, they were reduced by 50 percent, and after three treatments lesions were reduced by 83 percent.

The study also reported that patients commonly experienced erythema and edema after treatment, but it went away in 24 hours or less. No other side effects were noted. It was unclear from the study whether the treatment worked by reducing the numbers of Propionibacterium acnes or by shrinking the sebaceous glands by thermal damage, although probably the latter. Shrinking the sebaceous glands is how the popular acne treatment Accutane(R) works.

Side Effects

There are no known major side effects for infrared light therapy. A few minor side effects have been observed in some patients, such as depression and anxiety. Mania has been reported in some persons who suffered from mental disorders involving mania. As stated in Section 2, erythema and edema were reportedly common after treatment with pulsed infrared lasers but went away in 24 hours or less.

Considerations

You should avoid light therapy, except under professional medical advice, if your eyes are sensitive; if you have a past history of mania; if you are taking antibiotics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or other type of medication that makes the skin sensitive to sunlight; if you have photosensitive skin or if you have a disorder such as porphyria or enzyme disorders that affect the skin and nervous system.

Additional Uses

Infrared light therapy is also used for sports injuries, healing of diabetic wounds, as an anti-aging treatment and for pain management.

One of the safest forms of acne treatment, infrared light therapy is simple and painless.

Tags: acne treatment, after treatment, blue light, light therapy, away hours, away hours less

Properties Of Tiger Iron

Tiger iron is a unique gemstone characterized by distinctive bands of yellow, red and black. Composed of 2 billion-year-old sedimentary deposits, tiger iron contains rippled bands of tigereye, jasper and hematite. Although it is a combination of gemstones, tiger iron is considered a gemstone of its own and a member of the quartz family. Tiger iron has been unearthed in Australia, Brazil, England, Mexico and in the Lake Superior Region of the United States. In some regions tiger iron is known as mugglestone due to bands of color.

Geological Properties

The chemical composition of tiger iron is SiO2 silicon dioxide in combination with the gemstones jasper and hematite. As a member of the quartz family, tiger iron has a hardness of 7 out of 10 on the Mohs Hardness scale. The crystal formation system of tiger iron is trigonal, which is the only crystal system whose point groups have more than one lattice system.

Metaphysical Properties: Feng Shui

In Feng Shui, the ancient Chinese art of placement, it is believed that one can create harmony and balance through placement and colors. The colors found in tiger iron are a combination of black/dark brown (water colors) and yellow (earth colors). Since dark colors are associated with independence and strong self-discipline and yellow with clear communication, tiger iron is used to convey a strong message "You know who you are, you know where you're going."

Metaphysical Properties: Healing

Many consider tiger iron to be a beneficial healing gemstone because it combines the healing properties of tigereye, jasper and hematite stimulating the bodies production of energy. Unlike other gemstones used for healing, tiger iron is thought to be a stable healing stone that rarely needs spiritual cleansing.

Metaphysical Properties: Chakras

In Eastern cultures tiger iron is believed to help strengthen all the body's major energy centers known as chakras. Tiger iron is thought to support and balance the lower three chakras, helping one to better express creativity, passion and power. When combined with other gemstones, tiger iron is also said to stimulate kundalini energy to help spiritual development.

Metaphysical Properties: Other

Tiger iron is believed to have to many metaphysical properties such bringing creativity, strength, vitality, energy, clarity, confidence, protection, balance and willpower. It is also thought to encourage positive change by strengthen one's willpower to take necessary action.

Tags: tiger iron, tiger iron, jasper hematite, Metaphysical Properties, tiger iron

Over The Counter Mole Removal

Over the Counter Mole Removal

Over-the-counter mole treatments are a safer alternative to laser and freezing procedures, and can be obtained without a prescription. Rates for over-the-counter mole medications range from $10 to $70, depending on quality. Over-the-counter medications for mole removal work by burning the mole's skin layers and gradually exposing new skin tissue beneath the unwanted mole. Brand-name mole-removal medications such as DermaTend and NeviCurative contain natural, potent ingredients to eradicate moles.

DermaTend

DermaTend is regarded as one of the best mole-removal products on the market. Claiming a 98.7 percent success rate, DermaTend offers a full refund of the purchase price $69.95 if you are not mole-free within 60 days. DermaTend contains the herb bloodroot, which is recorded to have benefited several conditions including nevus. DermaTend is applied topically on the mole and covered with an adhesive bandage. When the mole has flattened and scabbed over, discontinue covering the mole with an adhesive bandage. Allow the scab to fall off naturally. By not picking or disrupting the mole's scabbing process, you lessen the chance of developing scar tissue. Topical ointments like DermaTend tend to leave minimal scars, as opposed to laser surgery, which scars 80 percent of its users.

NeviCurative

NeviCurative is a natural topical ointment for mole elimination. Containing organic plant extracts, NeviCurative possesses anti-bacterial and anti-oxidant agents proven to reduce the amount of melanoma skin cells. Retailing for $25.71 for an 11ml bottle (2010), NeviCurative guarantees elimination of every type of mole without traces of scarring. Directly absorbed into the cell's membranes, NeviCurative's potent anti-microbial extracts work with the skin to remove existing nevi. NeviCurative can be used to treat moles on any part of the body and must be used as directed.

Tags: adhesive bandage, Counter Mole, Counter Mole Removal, Mole Removal, Over Counter

Apply For Disability Online

If a long-term or deadly medical condition has restricted your ability to work, you may qualify for disability benefits with the Social Security Administration. You may set up an interview with a representative or you may apply by phone or online. Give yourself 30 minutes to complete the online application process.

Instructions

1. Visit the Social Security website (See Resources section).

2. Review the Adult Disability Starter Kit. This includes a checklist of documents and information needed (such as Patient ID numbers, dates of medical service, worker's compensation, employment information and current medicine or prescriptions) to fill out the application. Prior to filling out the application, get your medical records from your doctor and inform him of your decision to apply for disability.

3. Fill out the Disability Benefits Application with your name, Social Security number, birth date and information about your medical condition. This may take 10 to 30 minutes depending on how prepared you are. If you find that you do not have all of the information needed, you may save your application and complete it later. Keep in mind that the review process won't begin until the application is complete. If you have never earned an income, skip this step. Complete step 4, then contact Social Security at (800) 772-1213.

4. Complete the Adult Disability and Work History Report with your medical condition, medical history and work and education history. When finished, sign a form that authorizes your doctor to submit information about your medical condition.

5. Once your application is submitted, wait three to five months for a response. The more thorough the information you provide is, the quicker the response time. If you are asked to undergo a medical examination, do so as soon as possible.

Tags: medical condition, Social Security, your medical, your medical condition, about your

Who Can Do Laser Hair Removal

Laser hair removal is a popular technique that is used to permanently remove unwanted hair on areas such as the lip, chin, legs, armpits and bikini line. Laser hair removal uses a laser beam to penetrate the hair follicle and slow or prevent hair growth.

Benefits

The benefits of laser hair removal include long-term removal of unwanted hair, which means no more shaving, waxing or plucking to maintain a hair-free appearance. Laser hair removal usually requires several treatments to achieve lasting results.

Considerations

The best candidates for hair removal are people who have brown or black hair and a light skin tone. Laser hair removal is usually not effective on people with light-colored hair such as blond, white, red or light brown.

History

In the past, people with dark skin and hair did not experience long-lasting results from laser hair removal due to the high amounts of melanin in their skin. However, laser technology is improving to accommodate darker skin tones, and some specialists treat people with darker skin tones.

Warning

People who have certain medical conditions should not get laser hair removal, including those who have a pacemaker, are pregnant or have skin disorders such as dermatitis, psoriasis or cystic acne.

Prevention/Solution

To determine if you are an ideal candidate for laser hair removal, consult a dermatologist with experience in laser hair removal.

Tags: hair removal, hair removal, laser hair removal, people with, darker skin, darker skin tones

Kill Cotton Parasites

Have you encountered a sticky substance on cotton bud in your field? Well that's the 'sticky cotton' sign of a cotton parasite attack. Ranging from light yellow to dark green in color, cotton parasites are encountered mainly in June. These parasites suck the sap of the plant and expel a 'honeydew' kind of substance that serves as a growth medium for a black mold, which in turn interferes with the ginning and spinning of cotton fabric. This decreases the quality of the fabric produced and can negatively affect sales of the cotton. It is, therefore, important to get to the root of the matter and kill the cotton parasites using an organic, homemade pesticide.

Instructions

1. Soak the garlic cloves in mineral oil for about 24 hours and strain.

2. Steadily mix fish emulsion and soap with water.

3. Combine the first mixture with the second mixture in a ratio of 2:1.

4. Thoroughly spray your crops once a week until the cotton parasites are eradicated.

Tags: cotton parasites

Shaving Or Removing Hair On Arms

When it comes to body hair removal, the first thing that normally comes to mind is, men shaving their faces or women shaving their legs.

But times have changed and both women and men alike are resorting to removing body hair; not just from the legs, but also from the arms.

Significance

Hairy arms cause a lot of discomfort. Sweat tends to collect on them, especially in hot, humid climates, dirt and dust collects easily on them, and excessive arm hair can also cause some people to be self conscious.

Function

From a male stand point, shaving body hair is very prevalent in the body building world. This especially goes for the arms. The main function is to be able to see muscle definition as clearly as possible. The hair is removed from the armpits right on down to the fingers.

Females generally have finer hair on the arms and they can bleach it which makes it lighter in color, ultimately blending in with the skin. They also shave their underarms, especially when wearing revealing outfits.

Types

The most popular way to remove arm hair is shaving with a razor. This is usually done with a hand held razor and shaving cream, but electric razors can be used.

Depilatories are creams that are applied to the skin. They have active ingredients that dissolve the hair. They are applied and left on the skin for about 15 minutes, then wiped off.

Waxing is a process where hot wax is applied to the hair. A piece of cloth is then smoothed across the top and it is ripped off it sections.

Electrolysis is a process where an electrical signal is sent into the root of the hair follicle and it is shocked causing the hair to fall out. (See Resources for more details.)

Laser hair removal sends light waves into the melanin of the skin, which is what gives skin its color. This is also the site at which hair growth takes place. The skin gets heated without getting burned and the hair falls out.

Effects

The good thing about shaving arm hair is having smoother skin, a better appearance and more self confidence. Shaving can cause break outs and if left unshaved for a couple days, stubble will develop making the arms feel rough.

Considerations

Whenever shaving the arms, always use new, clean blades. This will be sure to cut down on break outs and stubble. It is also a good idea to use bendable razor blades. They follow the contour of the arms and are easier on the skin.

Most processes for arm hair removal can be done alone, but they still take a little while to perform. Be prepared to spend an extra 15 minutes removing the hair regardless of what procedure it is.

Expert Insight

Waxing hurts. There's no two ways around it. If this is the option of choice, be prepared to feel the pain. The process is also usually lengthy and the hair tends to grow back as quickly as 10 days after the procedure. See website for more educational information on hair removal.

Tags: hair removal, body hair, break outs, process where, shaving their, skin They

What Cologne Has Pheromones

Pheromones could be added to cologne.

The Merriam-Webster's Online Dictionary defines pheromone as "a chemical substance that is usually produced by an animal and serves especially as a stimulus to other individuals of the same species for one or more behavioral responses." Human pheromones are now used for cologne products.

History

Perfume-based researchers began trying to back up their claims about pheromone action in the 1970s. By 1998, biologist Winnifred Cutler "reported that her male perfume additive significantly increased men's likelihood of having sex," according to Etienne Benson in Monitor on Psychology.

Types

Livescience.com explains the difference between two kinds of pheromones: "Releaser pheromones trigger a behavioral response (such as wooing a mate), while so-called primer pheromones cause physiological changes." The website explains that pheromone colognes are selling the idea of releaser pheromones, although no human releaser pheromones may exist.

Advertising

Pheromone colognes are advertised in emotionally charged terms. Sellers promise men more sex and women more cuddling and hugging. Look to the science rather than the hype when looking for pheromone cologne products.

Professional Ties

Winnifred Cutler researches and backs the Athena Pheromones brand. Pherlure is a brand of cologne that uses its own pheromone additives and supports its claims on its website with scientific studies. Nexus Pheromones also cites studies and gives links to the research findings.

Significance

Colognes with pheromone additives could change the way people relate to each other. This change could be a gain in control or an increase in artificial relationships depending on the attitudes of those concerned.

Tags: cologne products, pheromone additives, releaser pheromones, Winnifred Cutler

Determine If Surgery Is Necessary For A Pinched Nerve

While painful, pinched nerves can generally be treated with rest and over the counter anti-inflammatory drugs. However, surgery may become neccesary if more conservative treatments don't alleviate your pain. Here's determine if surgery is the right choice for you.

Instructions

1. Rest the affected area and avoid any activities that might exacerbate the pain.

2. Take the appropriate dosage of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug such as ibuprofen or naproxen to help relieve pain and reduce inflammation.

3. Consult your physician if your pain persists for more than a few days. He or she may recommend a split or brace to immobilize the area, as well as possible orticosteroid injections to minimize pain and inflammation.

4. Ask your doctor for a referral to a physical therapist, who will recommend exercises to relieve pressure on the affected nerve, as well as teach you modify your current activities to help avoid additional pain or injury.

5. Make an appointment with your physician if your symptoms persist beyond a few months, if the pain becomes unbearable and/or if all other treatment options have failed. He or she will evaluate your injury and will most likely recommend surgery to relieve pressure on the damaged nerve. The specific type of surgery will depend on both your injury and the symptoms.

Tags: physician your, relieve pressure, your injury, your pain, your physician, your physician your

Treatment For A Pulled Lower Back Muscle

Most everyone has had a pulled lower back muscle. It can be due to a sports injury or simply trying to do too much. Regardless, when a pulled lower back muscle occurs it causes significant pain and impairs mobility. The best thing for a pulled lower back muscle is treatment and an evaluation by a doctor. Ignoring the pain will likely only make the injury worse, resulting in a longer recovery.

Rest

When you have lower back pain due to a pulled muscle the best thing for it is rest. Resting the pulled muscle allows it to heal and reduces the risk of further damage. Taking a day or two off work and just lying on the couch or in bed can be the best thing for you.

Ice Pack

An ice pack helps with lower back pain. Wrap the ice pack in a towel and apply for 15-20 minutes at a time. The ice pack should help reduce the inflammation. Alternate using an ice pack and a heating pad for the best results.

Heating Pad

Putting a heating pad on your lower back for 15 to 20 minutes is a great way to improve circulation in the area. The increased blood flow speeds your recovery. The heat also helps to relax the muscle. Use a heating pad as often as necessary for a strained lower back.

Doctor or Physical Therapist

If nothing seems to work, seek an opinion from a doctor or a physical therapist.

TVA

Once you feel better, focus on strengthening your TVA or transverse abdominis. These are the deep muscles that support your spine. Sometimes, if the muscles aren't developed enough to provide support, the lower back overcompensates. This can result in more pulled lower back muscles in the future.

Tags: lower back, pulled lower back, best thing, lower back, pulled lower, back muscle, back pain

Insurance Options For A Pediatrician

Pediatricians' young patients come with special liability risks

Pediatrics is not considered a high-risk specialty--according to Covered MD, only 33 percent of pediatricians are sued in the course of their careers. But when pediatricians are sued, the cases are often harder to defend because of the sympathy that jurors will have toward a young patient and his family. Luckily, almost 97 percent of doctors will be offered insurance coverage as an employment benefit when they join a new practice, according to the American College of Physicians. Nevertheless, there are some basic distinctions between insurance options with which all pediatricians should be familiar.

Claims-Made Insurance

Claims-made insurance, one of two basic kinds of malpractice insurance, will cover you only if the provider that insured you at the time of the alleged incident is still your provider when the case is filed in court. This type of insurance can pose a problem when pediatricians change jobs or practice locations, if they also switch insurance providers. To protect from a lapse in coverage, pediatricians can purchase what is called an insurance "tail," which is designed to smooth the transition between providers.

Occurrence-Made Insurance

Occurrence-made insurance is the most seamless of the two basic insurance options. Under this type of plan, a pediatrician's insurer will cover any alleged incidents while it was the provider, regardless of when the claim is filed in court. Occurrence-made options are becoming rarer, however, as insurance providers move to protect themselves against a surge in malpractice claims. A provider's potential costs are harder to predict under occurrence-based plans. In Pennsylvania, for example, insurance companies are either limiting such options they make available to doctors or transitioning their occurrence-made clients to claims-made policies, according to a 2005 article published in the Physicians News Digest.

Tail Insurance

Tail insurance covers alleged incidents that occurred while a doctor was insured with one provider after he or she has switched to another. This is an important consideration because doctors remain liable for past occurrences even after they have left a practice. Tail insurance is charged as a one-time assessment that can be as must as twice the price of an annual malpractice insurance premium, according to the American College of Physicians. These costs will often be covered by a new practice as a benefit of joining, or by the previous practice to protect the remaining doctors' group assets. If tail insurance is covered by a previous practice, however, it might come with the condition that the pediatrician agree to a non-compete clause that stipulates he or she will not practice in the same geographic area after she has left the practice.

Selecting a Provider

The American Medical Association warns doctors, including pediatricians, to carefully consider several factors when selecting a provider, and to avoid making the decision solely based on the cost of the premium. Included in the list of important considerations are: an insurer's financial stability, protections against an insurer's insolvency, an insurer's performance record and its process of handling claims.

Tags: according American, according American College, alleged incidents, American College, American College Physicians, College Physicians

Ethical Dilemmas In Social Work On Hiv Clients

Social work can be a rewarding career field, allowing you to earn a living while helping those in need. When working with clients who are HIV-positive, however, certain ethical dilemmas can arise. These dilemmas can be based on laws concerning the confidentiality of an individual's HIV status or prejudice resulting from incorrect assumptions and misinformation about HIV. Education and consideration of the client's best interests are key in dealing with these ethical dilemmas.

Confidentiality

An individual's HIV status is confidential and protected by law. Revealing the HIV status of an individual without her express consent can lead to lawsuits for breaching confidentiality, disciplinary action being taken against you by your employer or your state's licensing board, and potentially serious damage to your credibility as a social worker. To avoid breaching confidentiality discuss your client's HIV status with individuals only if you have received written permission from your client to do so.

Discrimination

HIV-positive individuals are protected against discrimination by the Americans with Disabilities Act. Additionally, the code of ethics for the National Association of Social Workers specifically states that social workers should not discriminate or facilitate discrimination based physical disability such as HIV infection. The NASW asks social workers to assist in dispelling myths and stereotypes about HIV, increase awareness of the disease, and to be proactive in bringing about change and ending discrimination against those infected with HIV.

Care Assistance

HIV treatment is expensive, and the doctor visits and medical decisions that must be made concerning treatment can be exhausting and stressful. Decisions must be made on when to start treatment, after which the often harsh side effects of medications must be dealt with. This care must be coordinated so that HIV-positive individuals receive the medical care they need and any necessary financial assistance to cover what they cannot afford. Psychological therapy or support groups may also be needed to help the client to cope with his HIV status. Ethical dilemmas may arise when trying to determine the best course of treatment or finding that needed treatment isn't readily available, especially when trying to procure services such as housing assistance in areas where lengthy waiting lists exist.

Duty to Warn

Though confidentiality is an important part of working with HIV-positive clients, social workers also have an obligation to prevent their clients from doing harm to others. If a client with HIV is knowingly putting another at risk through unprotected sex or intravenous drug use and has no intention of revealing his HIV status, you may have a duty to warn the individual if you have attempted to get your client to warn his sexual partner and he has repeatedly refused. Consult colleagues and legal aid before breaching confidentiality; do so without revealing the client's identity if possible.

Tags: breaching confidentiality, your client, dilemmas arise, HIV-positive individuals, individual status

Reasons For Breast Reductions

In this society that is geared toward a bigger-is-better attitude, breast surgery is usually to enlarge breasts, not reduce them. As with all surgeries, risks (scarring and anesthesia complications) and considerations (hospitalization and recovery time) are possible. However, for a woman who is having trouble leading a normal life because of her large breasts, this surgery may be the answer.

Pain

The Mayo Clinic states that pain is the number one reason why women ask for a breast reduction surgery. Large breasts cause back pain, shoulder pain and generalized pain throughout the body. The pain is caused by the pressure the breasts put on the upper body. Because of the sheer weight of large breasts, the body has to compensate for the imbalance. This compensation negatively affects the posture.

Rash

Because of the skin-on-skin contact under large breasts, heat rash can occur. While a bra may minimize the chance of this happening, a breast reduction surgery is much more effective. The rash in itself is usually nothing more than a nuisance, but the area can become raw, which increases the likelihood of an infection developing.

Mobility

For athletes and women who are active, large breasts may get in the way of staying active. In this case, the breasts increase the probability that the woman will become less active, causing her to become overweight or less fit than she would be after the reduction.

Self Esteem

A woman with incredibly large breasts may be self conscious. This is partially because she may think people are always focusing on her breasts. Her self-consciousness can also be caused by an inability to find tops and blouses that fit properly.

Breathing Trouble

In extreme cases, large breasts may cause breathing problems. This happens when the breasts put a considerable amount of pressure on the ribs and chest. When this is coupled with the slouching common to women with large breasts, the woman is faced with twice the problems, as the slouching is putting pressure on her diaphragm.

Tags: large breasts, breast reduction, breast reduction surgery, breasts cause, reduction surgery

Treatments For Compulsive & Addictive Behavior

Addiction and compulsive behaviors are growing problems in today's society. These problems can be difficult to overcome and can often require multiple attempts at treatment. Even then, however, relapse is common. There are a multitude of options for treating these behaviors, some of which include self-help groups, family or marriage counseling, self-control training, skills training, inpatient/residential treatment, outpatient therapy and medication.

Self-Help Groups

There are various self-help groups that can be useful for people with compulsive or addictive behaviors. Two popular groups are Alcoholics Anonymous, for alcoholism, and Gamblers Anonymous, for compulsive gambling. These groups are usually established locally, making weekly attendance fairly convenient for most people.

Family or Marriage Counseling

Family counseling or marriage counseling are not uncommon treatment options for people with problems with addiction or compulsive behavior. Family therapy can help to uncover any family members' behaviors that may be enabling the problem behavior or may be unintentionally rewarding the behavior. This type of therapy can also be beneficial in discovering a person's underlying reasons for the addictive or compulsive behavior and any events that could be triggering it. Aside from these things, family therapy can help family members deal with the pain the addiction or compulsive behavior has caused.

Self-Control Training

Self-control training teaches people set their own goals and identify and avoid situations that could potentially lead to a problem behavior. This type of training teaches a person monitor his own behavior and gives him strategies for dealing with tempting situations. Throughout training, the person is encouraged to record, in a journal, any urges to perform the unwanted behavior and the feelings the person experiences at this time. Because this technique emphasizes moderation, it is usually best for people with less severe compulsive behaviors or minor drinking problems.

Skills Training

Substance abuse or compulsive behavior can often be triggered by stressful events in a person's life. The problem can appear as a coping mechanism when the person is unsure of deal with a problem. Skills training teaches people the social and problem-solving skills necessary for coping with the difficult situations that can tempt a person to perform these addictive or compulsive behaviors.

Psychotherapy and/or Medication

Substance abuse and compulsive behavior are often the result of another problem; medication or psychotherapy may be necessary to correct it. Treatment of this sort is available in a number of formats. Inpatient or residential treatment may be necessary for people with more severe addiction or compulsive problems. Many facilities offer outpatient treatment, in which a person is free to live on his or her own but encouraged to come to treatment, usually on a weekly basis.

Tags: compulsive behavior, people with, compulsive behaviors, training teaches, abuse compulsive, abuse compulsive behavior

Get Low Cost Health Insurance Quotes

Finding affordable health insurance can be challenging. With a little bit of time and knowledge you can conduct the research you need in order to find the right health insurance at the right cost.

Instructions

Get Low Cost Health Insurance Quotes

1. Decide what it is you're looking for in health coverage before you begin your research. Write down any health concerns or issues you have, prescription drugs you take routinely and what you hope to accomplish health-wise in the future. If you don't have children but hope to become pregnant in the future, you're going to want to look for health insurance that would provide you the coverage you need when that time comes. If you're someone who has ongoing medical issues that need to be monitored by a doctor, you will want insurance that covers any routine visits or tests you need done. Knowing what you're looking for in health insurance ahead of time will help you in your search for affordable coverage.

2. Figure out your budget. Take a look at how much money you have coming in on a monthly basis, what your expenses are, and how much money you have available to spend on health insurance. Knowing this price point ahead of time will eliminate looking too far into certain insurance companies if you can't afford them. There's no need to waste time looking at insurance companies that can't offer you a quote that you can afford.

3. Research companies that offer health insurance. Look for other people's opinions of that health insurance company. You should be able to find a website for every insurance company you're looking into. Those sites should have some sort of outline of the care they offer, different tiers of insurance, costs and other services they offer. Many of the sites will offer a free quote right on their website, or if you need to, call to get a price quote on the kind of coverage you need.

4. Narrow down your list of insurance companies based on the information you've found in your research. Use criteria such as the pricing you received and the type of coverage the company offers. Also keep in mind the quality of customer service you received. If you have future problems and need to get in touch with the company regarding your coverage, you'll want a compassionate and informative staff to help you with your issues. Once you've determined which insurance company offers the best coverage at the best price, you can contact them again to begin the application process.

Tags: health insurance, insurance companies, insurance company, ahead time, ahead time will, companies that, companies that offer

Causes Of Colitis Symptoms

There are several types of colitis, but all of them cause inflammation of the colon. Some of the types are far more severe than others. For that reason, it's important to find out just what type of colitis you have. There is infectious colitis, ischemic colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, microscopic colitis and chemical colitis. Each one has a different cause and often a different form of treatment. Sometimes food allergies irritate the digestive system and cause colitis.

Infectious Colitis

Contaminated food is one reason for shorter termed infectious colitis. Campylobacter, E. coli, shigella and salmonella are the most often cited. All of these mentioned cause bloody stools, cramping and nausea. Sometimes, after the administration of antibiotics to kill an infection located at another site, it lowers the normal bacteria and allows Clostridium difficile to grow. This bacteria is associated with tetanus and botulism. Its causes C. difficile colitis that has no blood in the diarrhea but does form clumps of pus on the lining of the colon.

Ischemic Colitis

The term ischemic means restricted blood supply. When you have this occur in the colon, it becomes inflamed and causes fever, bloody stool and pain. One reason it occurs is that arteries narrow gradually with aging or diseases like diabetes, high cholesterol, smoking or high blood pressure. Even low blood pressure might be a cause since it slows the blood flow. Anemia may also be a cause. Occasionally the bowel twists or herniates through the abdomen. This, too, causes symptoms of ischemic colitis.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease

The two best-known forms of IBD are ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Ulcerative colitis starts in the rectal area and sigmoid colon, progressing through the ascending colon with time. An overactive immune system causes the disease and normally includes inflammation at other locations like arthritis. The symptoms include loss of weight and appetite, nausea, inflammation or pain at other locations like the skin, joints or eyes, exhaustion and the urge to continue going to the bathroom. Crohn's disease causes ulcerations primarily in the intestines but can include any part of the digestive system from the anus to the mouth. No one knows the cause of Crohn's disease. The symptoms are much like ulcerative colitis but occur everywhere in the digestive system.

Microscopic Colitis

Microscopic colitis can only be diagnosed when the cells of the colon are seen under a microscope. The inflammation then appears. Two forms of this type of colitis occur. The first is collagenous colitis and the other is lymphocytic colitis. In both cases, either the collagen or lymphocytes create an engorgement of the walls of the colon. The symptoms from these types of colitis include watery diarrhea with no blood in the stool.

Chemical Colitis

Chemical colitis occurs when there's a harsh chemical introduced into the colon, often by means of an enema. When the fad of hydrogen peroxide enemas where popular treatments prior to 1950, it created a number of cases of chemical colitis. Soapy enemas are often culprits for the condition. Chemical colitis produces conditions ripe to encourage other forms of colitis.

Food Allergies and Intolerances

Many of the symptoms of colitis are from the body's inability to cope with specific types of food or allergies to them. Many people with ulcerative colitis are not only lactose intolerant but also have problems with gluten. Allergic reactions to some foods may even involve tap water and subside only when the patients take distilled water. Some of the allergic reactions actually cause ulcerative colitis. Removing foods from the diet to seek relief is the only solution in these cases.

Tags: Crohn disease, digestive system, blood pressure, colitis occur, colitis only, food allergies

Chiropractor Types

Chiropractic treatments often involve spinal adjustments.

To most chiropractors, the health of your spine determines your overall health. Therefore, chiropractors practice manipulating your neuromusculoskeletal system to take your spine back into balance, from which it is thrown by day-to-day activities and stresses. The goal of these spinal adjustments is to relieve pain and inflammation, increase mobility and boost energy. Within the field of chiropractic, you'll find that practitioners can specialize in a few different modalities.

Mixing Chiropractor

According to Chiropractors.org, mixing chiropractors are the most common. Besides spinal adjustments, they apply physical therapy and nutritional principles to their treatment plan. They might also employ ultrasound and electrotherapy as aids. These practitioners are labeled "mixing chiropractors" because they combine different healing techniques in their practices.

Reform Chiropractor

Reform chiropractors don't believe that displaced vertebrae cause organ and infectious diseases. Therefore, they use spinal manipulation to treat only musculoskeletal problems, such as osteoarthritis and joint inflammations. They also often work in cooperation with osteopathic doctors.

Network Chiropractor

Network chiropractors base their treatments on the body's healing intelligence, an innate tendency to seek health. Therefore, they don't use spinal manipulation. Instead, network chiropractors lightly touch your spine during sessions to show it the way to self-healing.

Straight Chiropractor

Straight chiropractors specialize in correcting vertebral misalignments, which they perceive as the source of disease. By correcting spinal imbalances, they believe they can improve communication between your brain and your body and promote overall healing.

Applied Kinesiology Chiropractor

Applied kinesiology was developed in 1964 and it measures your muscle strength in order to determine your health status. This healing modality is still practiced today, and it uses muscle resistance tests to find out what areas of your body are weak.

Tags: spinal adjustments, your spine, health Therefore, mixing chiropractors, spinal manipulation

Panniculitis On The Face

Lupus panniculitis appears as lesions on the face caused by abnormal fat cells.

Panniculitis is a painful reaction to pancreatic issues, such as pancreatic failure or malignancy, and can present itself in several forms, taking root in different parts of the human body. The form of panniculitis that can be found on the face and upper body is found in patients with systemic lupus and therefore is called lupus profundus or lupus panniculitis.

Presentation and Symptoms

Lupus panniculitis is identified by lesions or nodules that form on the face, chest, upper arms, and in late stages atrophy of subcutaneous tissue can occur. Along with lesions comes the possibility of ulcers forming, though it is more typical that the outer layers of skin remain unblemished. Tenderness and pain are associated with the nodules that appear with this condition. Systemic symptoms such as fatigue and weight loss can be associated with all forms of panniculitis.

Causes

Pancreatic problems cause the elevation of amylase and lipase levels, which leads to inflammation of fat tissues.

Research Findings

It is hypothesized by researcher S.S. Dhawan and associates that diseased amylases and lipase travel from a patient's diseased pancreas throughout the body, causing painful ramifications. This hypothesis was tested by injecting a single colored dye into cells of adipocytes and then tracking the stained cells from where they occurred in the diseased pancreas to regions where nodules appeared.

Testing

Blood tests for amylase and lipase levels and CT scans of the pancreas are used along with a physical exam of symptoms to determine diagnosis of lupus panniculitis. A patient's medical history also aids doctors in diagnosing lupus profundus because the patient will have had a history of skin atrophy and scaring from lesions; patients will also have a history of their basal-cell layer of skin being degenerated and inflammation in the perivascular and periappendageal lymphocytic systems..

Treatment

Drugs used to treat malaria are effective in treating symptoms of lupus panniculitis but symptoms are known to recur.

Specialist Needed

A dermatologist can be seen for diagnosis of lupus panniculitis as well as an endocrinologist.

Tags: lupus panniculitis, amylase lipase, amylase lipase levels, associated with, diagnosis lupus, diagnosis lupus panniculitis, diseased pancreas

The Disadvantages Of A Chiropractor

A chiropractor has multiple advantages and disadvantages.

Chiropractors (also known as chiropractic physicians or doctors of chiropractic) treat and diagnose patients who have health problems connected to the musculoskeletal system. Many chiropractors focus solely on the manipulation of the spine and believe that realigning these joints can improve the nervous system and overall health. While many patients have received benefits from chiropractic care, there are some disadvantages of going to a chiropractor (See Reference 1).

Possible Side Effects

Some patients may suffer side effects as a result of their chiropractic treatment. Most are relatively benign and include fatigue, continuing pain from a previously treated injury and headache. More serious side effects are rare and include a herniated disk, compression of nerves in the lower spinal column (cauda equina syndrome) which can lead to pain, weakness and bowel problems and stroke (See Reference 2).

Not for Everyone

Chiropractic treatment is not for everyone and there are several types of conditions which do not fit well with this alternative medical practice. Patients with osteoporosis or nerve damage may exacerbate their problems with chiropractic treatment. Those who have received spinal surgery require a surgeon’s approval for the treatment due to potential re-injury. If your back pain is accompanied by chills, sweats, fever or weight loss it may require a medical doctor to diagnose and treat since it might be infection or a tumor (See Reference 2).

Cost

Chiropractic appointments can sometimes be expensive for the amount of time the doctor spends with you. An appointment can last as short as five or ten minutes but cost more than $50. Add to this the complication that chiropractic treatment is not always included on health insurance. Some chiropractors will suggest going twice a week or more for months at a time. This cost can add up over time (See References 2 and 3).

Effectiveness

Some patients experience immediate results with chiropractic treatment. Some patients must come back many times and over the course of several months may experience some moderate relief. Others with back pain may not notice much of a change at all. Different pain situations will result in different levels of effectiveness. Chiropractic treatment is not a sure thing by any means (See Reference 2).

Tags: chiropractic treatment, Some patients, back pain, have received, patients have, side effects

What Are The Causes Of Decreased Kidney Function

There are a number of conditions, diseases and lifestyle choices that can lead to decreased kidney function. While testing is the only way to detect and determine treatment for decreased kidney function, it is still important to understand common causes. Read on to learn a few of the most widely observed causes of decreased kidney function.

Diagnosis

Decreased kidney function can be the result of diabetes and high blood pressure or other inherited conditions. Only a physician can diagnose and treat decreased kidney function, and testing is necessary to make a determination regarding the course of treatment. Testing is also necessary to determine the level of deterioration that has occurred.

Abnormalities and Birth Defects

Abnormalities and birth defects are common contributors to decreased kidney function. This type of kidney damage is generally diagnosed early on, and the patient is prescribed a treatment plan, specific diet and lifestyle changes. For children, early detection may lead to increases in kidney function over time or with the use of medication. Teens and adults who are diagnosed may have to make more adjustments, as behavioral patterns may already be in place.

Glomerulonephritis

According to kidney.org, "Glomerulonephritis is a disease that causes inflammation of the kidney's tiny filtering units called the glomeruli. Glomerulonephritis may happen suddenly, for example, after a strep throat, and the individual may get well again." However, in some cases the patient may experience progressive loss of kidney function over a number of years that leads to moderate or severe kidney damage.

Hereditary Conditions

Hereditary conditions such as polycystic kidney disease are the result of cysts that gradually enlarge and, in many cases, lead to kidney damage. Other inherited diseases include Alport syndrome, primary hyperoxaluria and cystinuria. Patients must be tested for each disease before a diagnosis can be made. Persons with a parent or grandparent who suffers from one or more of these inherited diseases should see a physician and disclose all medical histories at that time.

Drugs and Other Toxins

Abuse of over-the-counter medicines and pain relievers can lead to decreased kidney function, too, as can the ingestion of toxins and drugs such as heroin and crack cocaine. Persistent abuse of alcohol may also be a factor in decreased kidney function, and immediate precautions should be taken to reduce or eliminate consumption.

Tags: kidney function, decreased kidney, decreased kidney function, kidney function, decreased kidney function, kidney damage, function over

Tooth Crowning Procedures

A dental crown may very well save a tooth. A crown is a type of cap that fits over a damaged tooth to restore functionality as well as appearance. Crowns are most often utilized to protect damage caused by tooth decay, chipping or cracking. Custom fitted over the tooth, they are made of several different types of materials that are glued to one or more teeth. The crown procedure is generally performed in two separate visits, about two to three weeks apart.

Porcelain Fused to Metal

One of the most common crowns applied in dental offices these days is a porcelain crown designed over a metal core. This is an exceptionally strong cap, which can be created in many different shades to closely match your own teeth.

All Porcelain or Ceramic

Dental crowns also come in all ceramic or porcelain materials. These are the most popular type of crowns, made of zirconia or other voluminous materials. This type of crown is lightweight and more realistic looking in color, shine and density.

Gold Crowns

In generations past, gold crowns were extremely popular, and were designed mostly for those with a strong bite pattern, or molars because of their extremely durable construction. The routine for placing a gold crown is the same as for the all porcelain, ceramic or porcelain with metal core crowns.

Installation Procedure

Before a crown fitting, the dentist will take X-rays of your teeth. He or she will then remove any damaged materials from the faulty tooth and prepare it for the crown. The dentist will then create an impression of your teeth using a common pliable substance. A dental technician will then design the crown to match your tooth structure in a lab, a process that generally takes about two weeks. While you wait, you will be fitted with a temporary crown. On your second visit, the temporary crown will be removed and the permanent, customized crown will be put in its place with dental bonding adhesive.

Tags: will then, your teeth, ceramic porcelain, crown will, dentist will

Deal With A Hated Job

Deal With a Hated Job

There comes a time in most peoples' lives when they have to work at a job that they hate. Since it's not fiscally responsible to quit a job without finding another one first, these steps will help you to deal with a hated job until that better one comes along.

Instructions

1. Think about why you took the job in this first place. Maybe it was because they had great benefits or good pay. Maybe you had no other choice and you had to pay the bills.

2. Daydream about your reasons for staying at the hated job. It could be because you have a family that you love and need to support or because you have a vehicle that you have worked hard to get and would like to keep it from being repossessed.

3. Allow yourself to feel the way that you do about your job. You don't need to feel guilty about how much you hate your job. There's a good reason behind it.

4. Personalize your cubicle or office space to make the day more bearable. Hang up pictures that remind you of why you're working there or pictures of places you'd rather be.

5. Decide what you really want from a job so that when you find another one you're not stuck in the same situation of trying to deal with a hated job.

6. Actively seek a new job that you might hate less and spend time practicing how you're going to quit the hated job when the time comes.

7. Pretend you're getting paid to hate the job and take pride that you're doing so well at it. This may help you have a more positive attitude and make the job more tolerable.

Tags: about your, because have, Deal With Hated, deal with hated, make more, With Hated