The thyroid is an endocrine gland that secretes two different types of hormones and is located in front of the windpipe in the neck. Because the hormones the thyroid secretes affect most parts of the body, a child with thyroid problems can have a wide variety of symptoms.
Hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism occurs when the thyroid fails to produce enough thyroid hormone. Symptoms of hypothyroidism in children include: impaired growth or deceleration of growth, constipation, sleepiness and fatigue, dry skin and learning delays or difficulties.
Hyperthyroidism
Hyperthyroidism is the result of the body producing too much thyroid hormone. A child with hyperthyroidism will display symptoms such as: emotional instability, short attention span, trouble sleeping, increased appetite, weight loss, goiter and heat intolerance, which produces excess sweating. Exophthalmos, or protruding eyeballs, is another symptom a hyperthyroidism might have.
Goiter
A goiter is an enlarged or swollen thyroid gland. It can occur with either hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism.
Lymphocytic Thyroiditis
Lymphocytic thyroiditis is inflammation of the thyroid gland and is the most common cause of thyroid disease in children. A kid with lymphocytic thyroiditis will usually have a goiter that is symmetrical, firm and movable. Some children may also display symptoms of hypothyroidism, while others may display symptoms of hyperthyroidism.
Nodules
Nodules are fluid-filled or solid lumps in the thyroid and can be an indicator of thyroid disease.
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