An abdominal aortic aneurysm is a weakening of the blood vessel wall in the aortic artery that leads to the abdomen, pelvis and legs. A rupture of this vessel is a life-threatening condition.
Considerations
Typically, aortic abdominal aneurysms are asymptomatic, meaning there are no definable symptoms. They can rupture without warning, which then produces symptoms, but also requires immediate medical attention.
Exams
Your doctor may be able to detect the aneurysm based only on clinical findings. He will palpate your abdomen looking for signs of deep pain or tenderness. The doctor can sometimes feel an abnormally wide pulsation of the aorta. He/she can also listen with a stethoscope for abnormal sounds within the vessel.
Tests
Several tests are available to detect these aneurysms with a high rate of success. Ultrasound of the abdomen can measure the size and is a non-invasive test. A CT scan is effective to determine the size and extent of the aneurysm and its relation to the renal arteries. An aortic angiography can also be done, but is the most invasive test available.
Warning
CT scans require the use of radioactive dye, which can cause allergic reactions and are irritating to the kidneys. If you have kidney problems, your doctor may recommend an MRI instead.
Size
Aneurysms under 5 centimeters in size are not candidates for surgical intervention. Instead they are medically managed. You will be urged to quit smoking. Other management includes controlling high blood pressure, lowering cholesterol levels, monitoring with a CT scan or ultrasound every six to 12 months, and possibly prescribing beta blockers, which lower the blood pressure within the blood vessel.
Tags: blood pressure, blood vessel