The New England Journal of Medicine says that the characteristic of ulcers include breaks and erosion of skin layers. Many of the various causes of foot ulcers occur in people who have diabetes or other conditions that restrict blood flow to the body's extremities. Restricted blood flow leaves people vulnerable to infections. However, other causes of foot ulcers occur in people suffering from other conditions.
Diabetes
The American Academy of Orthotists and Prosthetists states that one of the causes of foot ulcers is diabetes because of nerve damage and decreased blood circulation through the extremities.
Vascular Disease
Vascular diseases, such as strokes, angina and heart attacks, can cause foot ulcers because of arterial obstructions due to calcification in the arteries.
Infections
Infections from injuries can cause foot ulcers, according to American Family Physician. These foot ulcers primarily occur in people with diabetes or other ailments that reduce the body's ability to heal.
Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathy
American Family Physician states that sensory and autonomic neuropathy can cause foot ulcers in diabetics because of dry skin and the lack of blood flow to the area. The lack of working sweat glands creates a ripe environment for ulcers.
Bone and Muscle Abnormalities
Conditions that cause bones and muscle abnormalities in the feet, such as claw feet, fractures and severe arthritis, can lead to foot ulcers. This happens because the altered shape of the feet affects blood flow to the lower extremities.
Raynaud's Phenomenon
The U.S. National Library of Medicine describes Raynaud's Phenomenon as a condition where people experience decreased blood flow to the fingers and toes, which can cause foot ulcers. It occurs in people who live in colder climates, particularly women between the ages of 20 and 40. However, when normal circulation returns, the condition goes away.
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